What are Precious Gemstones?

Precious gemstones are rare and valuable minerals, a product of nature formed deep in the earth over billions of years under great pressure and heat prized for their beauty and durability.

Often cut and polished for use in jewelry and decorative items, these gems exude luxury. There are four precious gemstones, shown below:

Diamonds

The first category are diamonds. Widely know to be white or colorless in color but in fact come in many fancy colors such as yellow, pink, blue, green, violet, brown and many more. .

The color of a diamond is graded based on its hue, saturation, and tone, with fancy colored diamonds often fetching higher prices due to their rarity.

These also come in many shapes including pear, radiant, round, oval and marquise and many more.

These days you can get diamonds in many "special cuts" as well.

Ruby

Rubies are often prized for its hardness, ranking 9 on the Mohs scale, making it one of the toughest gemstones.

They are known for their rich red hues, which can range from pinkish-red to deep blood-red. The most sought-after shade is a vivid, saturated red, often referred to as "pigeon blood" due to its striking intensity.

Rubies are often associated with love and passion, making them a popular choice meaningful jewelry.

Sapphire

Sapphires are most commonly recognized for their stunning blue color, but they actually come in a wide variety of hues, including pink, yellow, green, and even colorless.

The most expensive and sought-after sapphires display a rich, vivid blue, often referred to as "royal blue."

However, sapphires can exhibit a range of shades and may also show color zoning, where different colors appear in different parts of the stone.

Notably, the rare "padparadscha" sapphire, which features a unique pink-orange hue, is highly sought after by collectors.

Emerald

The most desirable emeralds feature a vivid, intense green with excellent transparency. The color of an emerald is primarily due to the presence of chromium and vanadium, and it's often accompanied by inclusions known as "jardin," which are natural characteristics that can enhance the stone's uniqueness and beauty.

While inclusions are common in emeralds, high-quality stones with fewer imperfections are particularly valued.

More often they are found in parts of South America, such as Colombia, Brazil and Zambia.